💻 HTML — Class 10 Computer Applications

Tags, attributes, tables, lists, links, images, and CSS basics

1. What is HTML?

📖 Definition

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language to create web pages using tags enclosed in < > brackets.

HyperText = text with links | Markup Language = uses tags to define structure

2. Basic HTML Document

💡 Structure

<html> → root tag

<head> → metadata: <title>Page Title</title>

<body bgcolor="white" text="black"> → visible content

3. Common HTML Tags

TagPurposeKey Attributes
<h1>–<h6>Headings (h1=largest)align
<p>Paragraphalign
<br>Line break (self-closing)
<hr>Horizontal linesize, width, color
<b>, <i>, <u>Bold, Italic, Underline
<font>Text formattingsize (1-7), color, face
<a>Hyperlinkhref, target
<img>Imagesrc, alt, width, height
<ul>/<ol>/<li>Liststype, start
<table>Tableborder, width, cellpadding
<tr>/<td>/<th>Row / Cell / Header cellcolspan, rowspan, bgcolor

4. Links, Images & CSS

💡 Examples

<a href="https://google.com" target="_blank">Google</a>

<img src="photo.jpg" alt="Photo" width="200">

CSS inline: <p style="color:red;">Red text</p>

🔑 Key Points

  • Tags come in pairs: <tag>...</tag> | Self-closing: <br>, <hr>, <img>
  • colspan = merge columns | rowspan = merge rows
  • target="_blank" opens link in new tab
  • body attributes: bgcolor, text, link (unvisited), vlink (visited), alink (active)
  • ul type: disc/circle/square | ol type: 1/A/a/I/i